The Origin of Theology Essay example - 856 Words

Education is the process of receiving knowledge and learning from it. Throughout the Renaissance, many ideas and concepts were created or revived. Before the Renaissance, in the Medieval Times, people were not very educated since the land was corrupted because of the Church. Also, not a lot of people in this time period could afford education for themselves. After that era, people started to put an emphasis on improving themselves by increasing their abilities and knowledge. The changes in thought that occurred during the Renaissance led to an increased population of educated individuals due to the influence of the Church, the rise of the University, and females being educated. Theology was created in the Renaissance and impacted†¦show more content†¦Martin Luther was a great teacher of his time. He started Lutheranism. It was through his religion that he educated many people. Education was promoted by the publicity that Luther and his music were getting. The Reformation encouraged more citizens to want to understand and comprehend Christianity. Charlemagne was a leader of the Frank Empire what is now known as France who was a strong believer in education. Charlemagne succeeded at being a famous military leader that brought many lands together under one rule. He believed in learning new things which caused him to bring scholars to the Frank Empire to promote education. Charlemagne believed that education would unite his empire. A form of standardized writing was created during his time which created a huge impact on the spread of education. He also established guilds which were groups of trades. Universities came into actuality through the inspiration of the guilds. The degrees they had in universities were only bachelors and masters. After five years of schooling were completed, a student would get a bachelor’s degree. If a student wanted a further education, they went through three more years of university to obtain a master’s degree. Ever since Charlemagne’s idea for a more academic empire, univ ersities gave people more rounded educations. A woman’s priorities was not getting an education but based on the stereotype: stay at home mom. Some upper-class womenShow MoreRelatedThe Theology Of Philosophy And Christian Theology917 Words   |  4 Pages There are four theology sources of theology that is scripture, tradition, reason and religious experience. The scripture is expounded with the context of public worship and is the subject of meditation and devotion on the part of individual Christian (McGrath, 2011). Tradition is an active process of passing on the Christian faith, rather than as a static source of revelation, independent of Scripture (McGrath, 2011). Reason is assumed an especial importance at the time of the EnlightenmentRead MoreThe Effect Of Becoming Too Smart1043 Words   |  5 Pagesbegan questioning how we gain knowledge or Epistemology; however, Kant began by answering the questions of the possibility of synthetic a priori knowledge in response to Hume’s empiricist skepticism. The wo rd a priori, and a posterori are from Latin origin, and used by Kant to bring a better understanding on our method of obtaining knowledge. While, a posteriori (after) relies on experiences for personal knowledge like: looking at a rose to see the color red, or smelling the air to determine rain. NextRead MoreChristian Philosophy Of Christian Theology935 Words   |  4 Pagesfreedom to think and act as we desire. How we approach life events can be viewed from a philosophical and/or a theological perspective. This essay will compare different approaches in Christian theology to philosophy to see which study was more influential in our individual development. Christian theology is the study of Christian beliefs. There are four sources for this study including scripture, tradition, reasoning and experience. Scriptures are sacred writings that document historical eventsRead MoreAnalyzing Black Liberation Theology, Latin American Liberation Theology, and Feminist Theology1371 Words   |  6 PagesLiberation Theology Black Liberation Theology, Latin American Liberation Theology, and Feminist Theology Liberation theology comprises of two main principles: it recognizes the call for liberation from any form of oppression economic, political, and social: second, it says that theology must grow from the basic Christian communities and not from above. Liberation theology examines the theological meaning of human activities, which includes an explanation of the Christian faith out of sufferingRead MoreEvolution And Its Impact On Students Worldview1310 Words   |  6 Pagesscriptural analysis to prove or disprove evolution is the first step in this endeavor. We as humans do not possess ultimate scientific or hermeneutical knowledge. The acquisition of such knowledge would ultimately eliminate our belief in God. The origins of Earth and humanity cannot be confirmed via first person accounts or a YouTube video upload. The age of our race, planet, and universe pale in comparison to the message of the Gospel. Our redemption from sin through Christ is the foundation of ourRead MoreMartin Lu ther Argumentative Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesCatholicism did not cause sweeping changes in the sixteenth century; instead, the Protestant Reformation occurred due to the confluence of events triggered by one priest, Martin Luther. (Schilling) Although some historians allege that Martin Luther’s theology was reactionary due to its roots in medieval Christianity, his beliefs that the hierarchy of the church was unnecessary and that salvation was achieved through faith demonstrates that he was a revolutionary who triggered vast reforms to the RomanRead MoreEssay about Knowing God1371 Words   |  6 PagesDoctrine Of Revelation Theology is the instruction concerning God or the deliberation of God.(Grenz, 2000, p.2) It endeavors to disclose the identity of God, the habitation of God, and the character, origin, position and importance of God. Humans commonly acquire information in three ways: through their senses, through their logic/reasoning, and through their faith which denotes confidence in the information given by another.(www.angelfire.com/nt/theology/theology/02rev.html) Theologians positRead MoreChristian Theology And Psychology Is Necessary859 Words   |  4 Pagesbeneficial, as opposed to detrimental. Theology, or more specifically Christianity, and the field of psychology are central ideologies that often call into question the need for unification. The intermingling of the two for certain people is logical; whereas, others view them as absolutely distinct with no benefit of integrating. Either standpoint offers valid claims with both being worthy of examination. The idea of whether or not integrating Christian theology with psychology is necessary is well-statedRead MoreThe Major Divisions Of Philosophy860 Words   |  4 Pagescosmology, and often epistemology.† According to John Phillips, in his book Exploring the Gospel of John, Aristotle used Metaphysics to refer to ultimate reality. Metaphysics can be subdivided into 4 areas: Ontology, Cosmology, Psychology, Theology. Some have referred to Metaphysics as the â€Å"metaphysical†. It literally means after, beyond, or against and opposed to the physical. Some scholars call it the foundation of philosophy and â€Å"Aristotle calls it the first philosophy and says it isRead MorePersonal Statement : Our Identity1538 Words   |  7 Pagescompletely dependent on God. This new enlightenment of my identity in Christ as God’s creation will allow me to help people around the world become one with Christ by revealing the truth of their identity. â€Å"In God we find our origin and our destiny. And as we realize we have in God an origin and a destiny, we can begin to understand who we are† (Grenz and Smith, 40). We are God’s handiwork and made in His image which means that we all have a special purpose that is completely dependent on God to live that

The Impact Of Outsourcing On The Airline Industry

This report is to provide an analysis of the effect of outsourcing in the airline industry. In the airlines, outsourcing is very common especially at small cities and international locations. It has its advantages and disadvantage. It helps to reduce costs such as payroll, benefits and any other related costs. Also, it has it disadvantage such as the quality of the work could be affected. I also will look into the process for an airline beginning to outsource a location (or stations) that was not previously outsourced. An advantage of outsourcing a station is that the airline can save a lot money. As the contactor takes over, they will assume responsibility of hiring, training, paying any related cost for that individual. Also, the airline is no longer responsible to follow the union contract between the employee and contractor. The disadvantage of outsourcing is that quality of work produced by the employee is highly affected. Lots of these employee have a notion that they are high expendable and can be replaced easily. Mix that thought process with low pay and little to no benefits and one might get an employee that will not do a quality job. Some stations has already been outsourced could be replaced by another company or contract. This report will briefly look into how that transition could affect the overall operations of that station in a positive and negative matter. I will refer this a contract transition. During this transition, operations at that particularShow MoreRelatedOutsourcing Of Aviation Maintenance Practices And The Effects Of Globalization1352 Words   |  6 Pages Outsourcing of Aviation Maintenance Practices and the Effects of Globalization Matthew Wilkerson Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Worldwide May 16, 2016 â€Æ' Abstract Within the aviation industry outsourced maintenance practices have become increasingly more prevalent to maintain current assets. There is generally three processes currently being utilized by the airline industry: outsourcing specific maintenance needs, in-house operations, and lastly, a hybrid approach, which entails a combinationRead MoreContinental Airlines1616 Words   |  7 PagesManaging IT for Business Continental Airlines: Outsourcing IT to Support Business Transformation Questions: 1. Why is it necessary to have top management support for the implementation of technology innovations? Innovation implementation require adequate resources including money, but more importantly, people and time. These resources will not be formed without top management support. Top management support is essential for the project since it is they who allocate the funds whichRead MoreAviation Maintenance Trends1789 Words   |  7 PagesAviation MaitenanceTrends To fly was a tremendous triumph for mankind, who was previously sentenced to a life only walking the earth. Since the inception of the airplane, there has been aircraft maintenance. However, this industry has changed dramatically throughout the years and now involves highly innovative technologies and incredibly skilled technicians in order to best maintain the incredibly complex aircraft that fly in todays skies. Maintaining an aircraft is a harmonious blend betweenRead MoreThe Market Of The Aviation Industry Essay1518 Words   |  7 Pageshuman relations movement. The airline industry all around the globe is becoming more and more competitive nowadays (PricewaterhouseCoopers 2014). It requires the corporates to have strategic planning in order to maintain their growth and market share. Transformation program that involves every single individual in the organisation can effectively help it adapts and develops further. Though it is important to spend less and earn more to survive i n such competitive industry, it is also important to investRead MoreEssay about Cathay Pacific Hbs Case Analysis618 Words   |  3 Pagesturned to outsourcing to focus on its core competency, customer service and transportation. Outsourcing should only be implemented when a company’s core competitive advantages are not affected and then when additional benefits are gained. To evaluate CP’s outsourcing, it is important to analyze each step taken. The first supplier used was SITA, who took over the management of CP’s network communication in order to enable CP to coordinate connections and revenue with global airline partners,Read MoreOutsourcing Is Becoming A Norm2943 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction – airline outsourcing Outsourcing is defined as the decision to buy goods and services from external sources rather than producing them in-house when internal provision is not justified in light of existing or anticipated business condition (Leenders Nollett, 1984). It is a common solution to outsource non-strategic business functions in order to diminish distraction and focuses managerial attention on operations within the scope of a company’s core competencies. This practice is widelyRead MoreThe Wichita Decision: Case Study1484 Words   |  6 Pagesproducts competitive, and help it retain its position as a leader in the commercial airline industry. This case study examined the situation at this specific plant, which was experiencing significant labor difficulties, which impacted productivity and profitability. Organization: Boeing Mission Statement: To maximize profit and keep the product quality that has made Boeing the leader in the commercial airline industry. Facility: The Wichita, Kansas Boeing manufacturing plant. This plant is currentlyRead MoreAirline Industry Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pagesworld’s most competitive and prominent industries is the airlines industry. They generate huge amounts of income as well as employment. Some of the common names in US air travel service providers are Alaska, Northwest, Southwest, US airways, American etc. According to the latest statistics given by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the airline sector will post a profit of $9 billion in 2011. Business travel is increasing and even the airlines are now investing again. Political/LegalRead MoreAirline Industry1221 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the world’s most competitive and prominent industries is the airlines industry. It generates huge amounts of income as well as employment each year. Some of the common names in US air travel service providers are Alaska, Northwest, Southwest, US airways, American etc. According to the latest statistics given by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the airline sector will post a profit of $9 billion in 2011. After the recent credit crunch, economies are now coming back toRead MoreQantas Case Study: Environmental Factors Affecting Qantas Hr Managers2484 Words   |  10 PagesWhich environmental factors will have the greatest impact on HR planning in the next five years for Qantas? QANTAS 5 year plan- Introduction – the 5 Year Plan In a press release regarding Qantas’s future in August 2011, CEO Alan Joyce stated that Q’s 5-year plan began firstly by â€Å"returning Qantas to profitability†, and the hope that revenue will â€Å"exceed the cost of capital on a sustainable basis†.[1] Joyce’s plan is premised on four pillars: Opening gateways around the world, growth in Asia

Comparison Between Japanese and Malaysian Culture free essay sample

The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with over 30 million residents. Urban population was estimated 86. 3 % compare with rural population consist 13. 7 % from the population. Interestingly Japan population probably down to 64 million in 2100 effected from declining birth rate and extending life of age. A major economic power, Japan has the worlds third-largest economy by nominal GDP and fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the worlds fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Japanese society is linguistically and culturally homogeneous, composed of 98. 5% ethnic Japanese, with small populations of foreign workers. Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. It consists of thirteen states and three federal territories separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions, Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo. Malaysia is a mega diverse country with a high number of species and high levels of endemism. It is estimated to contain 20 % of the worlds animal species. The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, which plays a large role in politics. As of the 2010 census, the population of Malaysia was 28,334,135 making it the 43rd most populated country. The population of Malaysia consists of many ethnic groups. Malays make up 50. 4 % of the population, while other Bumiputra makeup another 11 %. 23. 7 % of the population is of Chinese descent, while those of Indian descent comprise 7. 1 % of the population. Obviously, Japan and Malaysia are two countries that vary in terms of geography, history and demography. Therefore, there would difference between the Malaysian culture and the Japanese culture in terms of beliefs, language, clothing, food and many more. The following pages will show comparisons of some aspects of Japanese and Malaysian culture. More than 99 percent of the Japanese population speaks Japanese as their first language. Besides Japanese, the Ryukyuan languages, also part of the Japonic language family, are spoken in Okinawa; however, few children learn these languages. The Ainu language, which is unrelated to Japanese or any other known language, is moribund, with only a few elderly native speakers remaining in Hokkaido. Most public and private schools require students to take courses in both Japanese and English. The Japanese language is written with a combination of three scripts: Chinese characters called kanji and two syllabic (or moraic) scripts of characters, hiragana (used to write native words for which there are no kanji) and katakana (used for transcription of foreign language words into Japanese and the writing of loan words). The Latin script, romaji, is also often used in modern Japanese, especially for company names and logos, advertising, Romanization of Japanese characters, and when entering Japanese text into a computer. Arabic numerals are generally used for numbers, but traditional Sino-Japanese numerals are also common place. The official language of Malaysia is Bahasa Malaysia, a standardized form of the Malay language. Historically English was the de facto administrative language and remains an active second language. Many other languages are used in Malaysia since Unlike Japan, Malaysia is a multi-racial country. The native tribes of East Malaysia have their own languages which are related to, but easily distinguishable from, Malay. Iban is the main tribal language in Sarawak while Dusunic languages are spoken by the natives in Sabah. Chinese Malaysians predominately speak Chinese dialects from the southern provinces of China. The more common dialects in the country are Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainanese, and Fuzhou. Tamil is used predominantly by Tamils, who form a majority of Malaysian Indians. Other south Asian languages are also widely spoken in Malaysia, such as Thai. A small number of Malaysians have Caucasian ancestry and speak creoles languages, such as the Portuguese based Malaccan Creoles and the Spanish based Chavacano language. Malay is a member of the Austronesian family of languages and is now written using the Latin script (Rumi), although an Arabic alphabet called Jawi also exists. Rumi is official in Malaysia. 96 % of the Japanese population subscribe to Buddhism or Shinto, including a large number of followers of a syncretism of both religions. Japan enjoys full religious freedom and minority religions such as Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and Sikhism are practiced. Figures that state 84% to 96% of Japanese adhere to Shinto and Buddhism are not based on self-identification but come primarily from birth records, following a longstanding practice of officially associating a family line with a local Buddhist temple or Shinto shrine. According to Johnstone (1993:323), 84% of the Japanese claim no personal religion. Nevertheless the level of participation remains high, especially during festivals and occasions such as the first shrine visit of the New Year. Taoism and Confucianism from China have also influenced Japanese beliefs and customs. Beyond the two traditional types of religions, a great variety of popular religious movements exists in modern Japan. These movements are normally lumped together under the name New Religions. These religions draw on concepts from Shinto, Buddhism, and folk superstition. The officially recognized new religions number in the hundreds and total membership is reportedly in the tens of millions. The largest new religion is Soka Gakkai, a Buddhist sect founded in 1930, which has about 10 million members in Japan. Malaysia on the other hand is multicultural and multi confessional. The dominant religion in Malaysia is Islam, whose followers make up 61 per cent of the population. Islam is recognized as the state religion of Malaysia, although the country has a secular constitution. Religion often follows ethnic lines, with most Muslims being Malays. They believe that there is only one god, Allah, and Prophet Muhammad is Allahs messenger in guiding the Muslims in this world. The Muslims live by following the five rules in Rukun Islam that are the saying of dua kalimah syahadah, the performs of prayers five times a day, fasting in the month of Ramadhan, paying the zakat and they perform of hajj. The country has both civil and Shariah courts, with all Muslims having to follow Shariah laws. The Malays follow the Islamic rules in wedding while the Japanese practice the Shinto wedding. There are similarities and differences between the Malay wedding and the Shinto wedding. The Malays sometimes held arranged marriage for their children in order to have a tighter bond between two families. Many Malaysian Chinese practice a mixture of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism. The majority of the Indians who make up 7 per cent of Malaysias population practice Hinduism. About 10 per cent of the population of Malaysia is Christians, including Malaysian Chinese and Malaysian Indian minorities. The most common denominations are Anglican, Methodist, and Roman Catholic. Most Christians are found in East Malaysia, where GoodFriday is a public holiday in the states of Sabah and Sarawak. Relations between different religious groups are generally quite tolerant. Christmas, Chinese New Year, and Deepavali have been declared national holidays alongside Islamic holidays. Various groups have been set up to try to promote religious understanding among the different groups, with religious harmony seen as a priority by Malaysian politicians. Japanese cuisine is based on combining staple foods, typically rice or noodles, with a soup and okazu dishes made from fish, meat, vegetable, tofu and the like to add flavor to the staple food. These are typically flavored with dashi, miso, and soy sauce and are usually low in fat and high in salt. A standard Japanese meal generally consists of several different okazu accompanying a bowl of cooked white Japanese rice (gohan), a bowl of soup and sometsukemono (pickles). The most standard meal comprises three okazu and is termed ichiju-sansai. Different cooking techniques are applied to each of the three okazu; they may be raw (sashimi), grilled, simmered (sometimes called boiled), steamed, deep-fried, vinegared, ordressed. As Japan is an island nation, its people eat a lot of seafood. Meat-eating has been rareuntil fairly recently due to restrictions of Buddhism. However, strictly vegetarian food is raresince even vegetable dishes are flavored with the ubiquitous dashi stock, usually made with katsuobushi (dried skipjack tuna flakes). An exception is shojin ryori, vegetarian dishes developed by Buddhist monks. Noodles are an essential part of Japanese cuisine usually as an alternative to a rice-based meal. Soba (thin, grayish-brown noodles containing buck wheat flour) and udon (thick wheat noodles) are the main traditional noodles and are served hot orcold with soy-dashi flavorings. Chinese-style wheat noodles served in a meat stock broth known as ramen have become extremely popular over the last century. Malaysian cuisine reflects the multicultural aspects of Malaysia. Various ethnic groups in Malaysia have their own dishes, but many dishes in Malaysia are derived from multiple ethnic influences. Food preparation differs from place to place, although many of the foods used are alike. Spices, aromatic herbs and roots are all used in Malaysian cuisine. Like Japan, rice tends to be a staple food in Malaysia as in most countries in the region. The rice eaten in Malaysia tends to be the local variety of rice or fragrant rice from Thailand, its northern neighbour. Quality Indian basmati is used in biryani dishes due to its long grained shape, fragrance and delicate flavour. Japanese short grain rice and others are slowly entering the Malaysian diet as Malaysians expand their culinary tastes to new areas. Noodles such as bi hoon, kuay teow, yellow noodles, ho fun and mee suah are popular food, particularly in Malaysian Chinese cuisine, but used by other groups as well. Malay cuisine bears many similarities to Indonesian cuisine, in particular some of the regional traditions from Sumatra. Many Malay dishes revolve around a Rempah which is made by grinding up fresh and/or dried spices and herbs to create a spice paste which is then sauteed in oil to bring out the aromas. Malaysian Indian cuisine of the ethnic Indians in Malaysia is similar to its roots in India. This cuisine consists of curries which use a lot of spices, coconut milk, and curry leaves. Malaysian Chinese food is derived from mainland southern Chinese cuisine such as Fujian cuisine and Hakka cuisine but has been influenced by local ingredients and dishes from other cultures though it remains distinctly Chinese. Most Chinese meals have pork as their sub-ingredient, but due to the popularity and unique taste of the actual food, there are chicken options available for the local Malays (most Malays are Muslims). Nyonya food was developed by the Nyonya (Straits Chinese) and Peranakan (mixed Chinese/Malay ancestry) people of Malaysia and Singapore. It uses mainly Chinese ingredients but blends them with South-East Asian spices such as coconut milk, lemon grass, turmeric, screwpine leaves, chillies and sambal. It can be considered as a blend of Chinese and Malay cooking with some Thai influence. Single Woman’sMan FormalMarried Woman’sBridal Kimono In modern Japan you have western clothing (yofuku), and Japanese clothing (wafuku). The various traditional ethnic garments worn in Japan are still in use, they are mainly worn for ceremonies and special occasions- like weddings, funerals, coming-of-age ceremonies (seijin shiki), and festivals. Western clothing is worn more often in day to day life. The Japanese clothing consisted entirely of a great variety of kimono, the first of which appeared in the Jomon period, with no distinction between male and female. Japanese kimonos are literally wrapped around the body, sometimes in several layers, and they are secured in place by sashes with a wide obi to complete the human parcel. The furisode kimono is worn by single women; it’s usually bought for the coming-of-age ceremony but is also used for large social functions such as weddings and tea ceremonies. The uchikake kimono is worn on a girl’s wedding day; it is all white and very long. The houmongi kimono takes the place of the furisode once a woman is married and is usually made of solid colored fabrics. The yukata kimono is a light cotton kimono worn during the summer and at festivals. The tomesode kimono is only worn to a close relatives wedding, never at a friend’s wedding. The mofuku kimono is all black and worn to funerals, showing respect for the person who has passed away. You also have the hadjuban which is a white kimono like undergarment that is worn under all of the kimonos. Boys wear western suits for their coming-of-age ceremony, job interviews, work, weddings, and funerals, though the Japanese etiquette and rules of formality require the proper dress with great attention to detail, such as wearing a white tie to attend a wedding and a black tie, with the same black suit, to a funeral. Since Malaysia comprises three major cultures: Malay, Chinese and Indian, each culture has its own traditional and religious articles of clothing all of which are gender specific and may be adapted to local influences and conditions. Traditional Malay attire is the baju melayu, a loose tunic which is worn over trousers and usually accompanied with a sampin, which is a sarong which is wrapped around a mans hips. It is also often accompanied with a songkok or cap, on their head. Traditional clothing for men in Malaysia consists of a silk or cotton skirt and shirt with as carf like piece of cloth tied around his waist. This scarf is sewn together at the ends and is traditionally called a sarong or a kain. Most of the clothing is made up of bright and bold colors. The man also wears a religious hat. Malay women wear the baju kurung, a nee-length blouse worn over a long skirt. Usually a scarf or shawl is worn with this. Prior to the wide embrace of Islam, Malay women wore kemban, which were sarongs which were tied just above the chest. The classical everyday clothing for men in Malaysia is a short sleeved shirt worn outside the trousers, light-weight trousers and informally, sandals for comfort. The Chinese women wear the cheongsam, a one-piece dress with a high collar, diagonally closed with small clips or toggles (fabric clasps). It sometimes can have slits at the side, as is made with a soft fabric such as silk. The cheongsam is especially popular around the time of the Chinese New Year and other formal gatherings. Older well-respected women wear a samfoo, which looks like pajamas with a separate loose fitting top fastened by toggles and ankle length, or above the ankle, pants. Indians in Malaysia as with elsewhere in the world wear sarees, a cloth of 5-6 yards which is usually worn with a petticoat of a similar shade. It is wrapped around the body so that the embroidered end hangs over the shoulder, while the petticoat is worn above the bellybutton to support the saree, which can be made from a wide variety of materials. The Punjabi Salwar kameez is popular with women from northern India, and is a long tunic worn over trousers with a matching shawl. The fabric imported from India, made of the best quality silk is used in making saris. In formal occasions Indian men wear the kurta, a knee-length shirt usually made from cotton or linen. The Indian men wear Jippa, Sherwani, Lungi (short length of material worn around the thighs rather like a sarong), and Dhoti (the only drape that doesnt start from one pallav but from the centre of the upper border with the middle of the cloth is tied around the hips. Each end of the cloth is then draped around the leg on its side). The Sherwani: a coat like garment fitted close to the body, of knee-length or longer and opening in front with button-fastenings. Business culture in Japan Relationships drive business in Japan. Without the right depth of relationships with the right people, it can be very difficult to achieve anything. At the beginning proposal, we have experience when make an appointment with university and Japan companies. Communication very hard and need a proper planning. At Japan we practice bowing as a showing politeness and respect. It is important to show respect appropriately. Age brings its own dignity and should be respected. It is probable, therefore, that more will be achieved with a delegation that contains some older members. When deal with Japanese, we try to be polite and diplomatic at all times. We never show irritation, annoyance or impatience. These negative emotions could put a strain on the development of the relationship. Here’s a listing of lessons we can learn from our visiting in Japan. 1. Business card gives and changers A meeting in Japan starts with a formal and highly ceremonious exchange of business cards, a ritual referred to as meishi kokan. When receiving a card, a businessman takes it with both hands, reads it over carefully, repeats the printed information aloud, and then places it in a cardholder or on the table in front of him, referring to it in conversation when needed. He never drops it in his pocket. That is considered disrespectful. 2. Be politeness and patient Its customary in a meeting in Japan to always direct ones initial comments to the highest-ranking person present. One never disagrees with him and always gives him his due attention. When bowing in the standard Japanese greeting, one should always bow deepest to the most senior man. 3. Morning meeting and exercise Many Japanese businesses start their day off with a morning meeting, where workers line up and chant the companys slogans as a way of inspiring motivation and loyalty, and as a means of keeping the companys goals fresh in their minds. Most of the Japan factorys at Malaysia practise this morning meeting and exercise. 4. Life for work hard and leisure time. After a day of grueling negotiations, Japanese workers are ready to cut loose way loose. Barhopping after work is a common, if not expected, tradition. If the workplace is stiff and ceremonial, the bar is where Japanese businessmen release the inner beast. A perennial favorite is the karaoke bar, where everyone is expected to sing along, even if they cant carry a tune. Besides being a place to balance work with fun, nightspots are where coworkers bond and share information, reinforcing affiliation with a team. 5. Working behavior The Japanese have an almost religious respect for the workplace. Humor is seldom used, except for light banter during breaks. There is hardly any physical touching among coworkers, and definitely no backslapping. 6. Communication, connection and endorsement Communication is very important in Japan, and often mentioned as a prelude to negotiations. Its common for businessmen in Japan to arrange meetings with high-ranking executives solely to request their endorsement. The Japanese feel an obligation to be loyal to the endorsement of a well-respected peer.

The Greenhouse Effect Essays (759 words) - Climate Change

The Greenhouse Effect The greenhouse effect is an increase in the atmospheric temperature caused by increasing amounts of greenhouse gases. These gases act as a heat blanket insulating the Earth's surface absorbing and trapping heat radiation which normally escapes from the earth. They include carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide, CFC's, and other halocarbons. The earth's atmosphere goes through two processes constantly. Global cooling is the first process. This process uses the clouds which cover 60% of the earth's surface to reflect 30% of the solar radiation. It also uses a sulfate haze, which is formed by sulfur dioxide from industrial sources that enter the atmosphere and react with compounds to form a high-level aerosol. These cool the atmosphere by blocking us from direct contact with the sun. The reflection of the sunlight is referred to as planetary albedo and contributes to the overall cooling. The second is the warming process. This is when light energy comes through the atmosphere and is absorbed by Earth and transformed to heat energy at the planet's surface. The infrared heat energy then radiates upward into space. There the greenhouse gases found naturally in the troposphere absorb some of the infrared radiation. The gases insulate the Earth, but do eventually allow the heat to escape. Without these greenhouse gases the earth would be would 33 C colder. Global temperature is a balance of the effects of the factors leading to global cooling, and warming. Unfortunately, increased emissions of greenhouse gases increase the warming process. For example, every kilogram of fossil fuels burned equals 3 kilograms of carbon dioxide ( the mass triples because each carbon atom in fuel bond to two oxygen atoms, in the course of burning, and forms C02. ) 6 billion tons of fossil fuel carbon are burned each year adding 18 billion tons of C02 to the atmosphere. This has increase the carbon dioxide concentrations by 25% and has cause temperatures to increase more than 0.7 C over the last hundred years. We hope that the forests will act as a sink for carbon dioxide but instead they are a net source. This is because the forests are being cut and burned adding 1 to 2 billion tons annually to the 6 billion tons of carbon already from industrial processes. Fortunately, the top 300 meters of oceans absorb most of the carbon dioxide emitted by burning fossil fuels. Other factors are known to increase the greenhouse effect. These factor are water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide, CFC's and other halocarbons. Water vapor is also a major factor in what has been called the "supergreenhouse effect" in the tropical Pacific ocean. Water vapor traps energy that has been radiated back to the atmosphere. The high concentration of H2O vapor contributes significantly to the heating of the ocean surface and lower atmosphere in the tropical Pacific. Methane (CH4) is a product of microbial fermentative reactions and is also emitted from coal mines, gas pipelines, and oil wells. Methane is gradually destroyed, but it is added to the atmosphere faster than it can be broken down. Nitrous oxide (N2O) can be found in biomass burning, chemical fertilizers, and fossil fuel burning. Nitrous oxide is more dangerous than some of the others because of its long residence time of 170 years. CFC's and other halocarbons are found in refrigerants, solvents, and fire retardants. Halocarbons have a greater capacity, 10 000 times, for absorbing infrared radiation, which is about 60% more, than CO2. Although there is increase in the application of some of these gases, they will decrease in importance in the future leaving carbon dioxide as the primary dilemma. In 1981, James Hansen of NASA invented a model with an ability to track known temperature changes and link them to past and future carbon dioxide levels as well as global temperature changes. The model suggested the combination of CO2 and volcanic emissions was responsible for most of the observed changes in temperature during the 1980's. A trend of warming of more than 0.7 C coincides with an increase of 25% in carbon dioxide. Two major impacts of greenhouse effect are regional climatic changes and a rise in sea levels. A climactic change will lead to variations in temperature. Scientists expect more precipitation which may prove to be disastrous for North America by flooding rivers and lakes. A rise in the sea levels is anticipated because of an increase in thermal expansion and the melting of ice caps and ice fields. Like extensive rainfalls, a rise in the ocean will flood lakes and rivers covering land and may someday

Preamble to the U.S. Constitution

Preamble to the U.S. Constitution The Preamble to the U.S. Constitution summarizes the Founding Fathers’ intention to create a federal government dedicated to ensuring that â€Å"We the People† always live in a safe, peaceful, healthy, well-defended- and most of all- free nation.  Ã‚  The preamble states: â€Å"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.† As the Founders intended, the Preamble has no force in law. It grants no powers to the federal or state governments, nor does it limit the scope of future government actions. As a result, the Preamble has never been cited by any federal court, including the U.S. Supreme Court, in deciding cases dealing with constitutional issues. Also known as the â€Å"Enacting Clause,† the Preamble did not become a part of the Constitution until the final few days of the Constitutional Convention after Gouverneur Morris, who had also signed the Articles of Confederation, pressed for its inclusion. Before it was drafted, the Preamble had not been proposed or discussed on the floor of the convention. The first version of the preamble did not refer to, â€Å"We the People of the United States†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Instead, it referred to the people of the individual states. The word â€Å"people† did not appear, and the phrase â€Å"the United States† was followed by a listing of the states as they appeared on the map from north to south. However, the Framers changed to the final version when they realized that the Constitution would go into effect as soon as nine states gave their approval, whether any of the remaining states had ratified it or not. The Value of the Preamble The Preamble explains why we have and need the Constitution. It also gives us the best summary we will ever have of what the Founders were considering as they hashed out the basics of the three branches of government. In his highly acclaimed book, Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States, Justice Joseph Story wrote of the Preamble, â€Å"its true office is to expound the nature and extent and application of the powers actually conferred by the Constitution.† In addition, no less noted authority on the Constitution than Alexander Hamilton himself, in Federalist No. 84, stated that the Preamble gives us â€Å"a better recognition of popular rights than volumes of those aphorisms which make the principal figure in several of our State bills of rights, and which would sound much better in a treatise of ethics than in a constitution of government.† James Madison, one of the leading architects of the Constitution, may have put it best when he wrote in The Federalist No. 49: [T]he people are the only legitimate fountain of power, and it is from them that the constitutional charter, under which the several branches of government hold their power, is derived . . . . Understand the Preamble, Understand the Constitution Each phrase in the Preamble helps explain the purpose of the Constitution as envisioned by the Framers. ‘We the People’ This well-known key phrase means that the Constitution incorporates the visions of all Americans and that the rights and freedoms bestowed by the document belong to all citizens of the United States of America. ‘In order to form a more perfect union’ The phrase recognizes that the old government based on the Articles of Confederation was extremely inflexible and limited in scope, making it hard for the government to respond to the changing needs of the people over time.   ‘Establish justice’ The lack of a system of justice ensuring fair and equal treatment of the people had been the primary reason for the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution against England. The Framers wanted to ensure a fair and equal system of justice for all Americans. ‘Insure domestic tranquility’ The Constitutional Convention was held shortly after Shays’ Rebellion, a bloody uprising of farmers in Massachusetts against the state caused by the monetary debt crisis at the end of the Revolutionary War. In this phrase, the Framers were responding to fears that the new government would be unable to keep peace within the nation’s borders. ‘Provide for the common defense’ The Framers were acutely aware that the new nation remained extremely vulnerable to attacks by foreign nations and that no individual state had the power to repel such attacks. Thus, the need for a unified, coordinated effort to defend the nation would always be a vital function of the U.S. federal government. ‘Promote the general welfare’ The Framers also recognized that the general well-being of the American citizens would be another key responsibility of the federal government. ‘Secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity’ The phrase confirms the Framer’s vision that the very purpose of the Constitution is to protect the nation’s blood-earned rights for liberty, justice, and freedom from a tyrannical government. ‘Ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America’ Simply stated, the Constitution and the government it embodies are created by the people, and that it is the people who give America its power. The Preamble in Court While the Preamble has no legal standing, the courts have used it in trying to interpret the meaning and intent of various sections of the Constitution as they apply to modern legal situations. In this way, courts have found the Preamble useful in determining the â€Å"spirit† of the Constitution. Whose Government is it and What is it For? The Preamble contains what may be the most important three words in our nation’s history: â€Å"We the People.† Those three words, along with the brief balance of the Preamble, establish the very basis of our system of â€Å"federalism,† under which the states and central government are granted both shared and exclusive powers, but only with the approval of â€Å"We the people.† Compare the Constitution’s Preamble to its counterpart in the Constitution’s predecessor, the Articles of Confederation. In that compact, the states alone formed â€Å"a firm league of friendship, for their common defense, the security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare† and agreed to protect each other â€Å"against all force offered to, or attacks made upon them, or any of them, on account of religion, sovereignty, trade, or any other pretence whatever.† Clearly, the Preamble sets the Constitution apart from the Articles of Confederation as being an agreement among the people, rather than the states, and placing an emphasis on rights and freedoms above the military protection of the individual states.

Power of Short Words in Business Writing

Power of Short Words in Business Writing I’ve long admired Richard Lederer’s writing on language. In his 1991 book, The Miracle of Language, Lederer sings the praises of the short word: When you speak and write, there is no law that says you have to use big words. Short words are as good as long ones, and short, old words- like sun and grass and home- are best of all. A lot of small words, more than you might think, can meet your needs with a strength, grace, and charm that large words do not have. Big words can make the way dark for those who read what you write and hear what you say. Small words cast their clear light on big things- night and day, love and hate, war and peace, and life and death. Big words at times seem strange to the eye and the ear and the mind and the heart. Small words are the ones we seem to have known from the time we were born, like the hearth fire that warms the home. Short words are bright like sparks that glow in the night, prompt like the dawn that greets the day, sharp like the blade of a knife, hot like salt tears that scald the cheek, quick like moths that flit from flame to flame, and terse like the dart and sting of a bee. Here is a sound rule: Use small, old words where you can. If a long word says just what you want to say, do not fear to use it. But know that our tongue is rich in crisp, brisk, swift, short words. Make them the spine and the heart of what you speak and write. Short words are like fast friends. They will not let you down. These four paragraphs contain 221 words, all of them one syllable. MS Word’s Readibility Score is 100% – the highest score possible. These short words are both profound and easy to absorb. It is simple, but not simplistic, and very persuasive. This passage represents clear, vivid, effective writing that can be easily absorbed by business people battling information overload. The most evocative Bible passages and many proverbs use this same short word structure: In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. (John 1.1) A stitch in time saves nine. This does not mean â€Å"Don’t use big words.† We must use big words in our business writing and conversation, when they express a meaning no other word can. We work with technical and industry terms, and sometimes a big word best depicts this. Two tips on clarity I always highlight in business writing courses: Never use a big word when a small word will do. Write to express, not to impress

Dubai ECONOMIC SECURITY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Dubai ECONOMIC SECURITY - Research Paper Example Over the last three years, Dubai has shown an upward growth in the economy owing to the increase in the international oil prices and the growth of the tourism industry. However, the government still wails in debt and there are signs that the city has not yet achieved economic independence. This is a big threat and promises an economic crisis in future unless the government takes control of its spending and focuses on economic generation rather than spending, which will pose danger on its economic security. Dubai experiences one of the most tremendous population expansions in the world. Between 2005 and 2013, the population of the Dubai Emirate grew from 1.2 million to 2.1 million, which is close to double within a period of only 8 years. The population density of the emirate is about 409 per square kilometer, which is more than 8 times that of the entire country. Just like many other countries in the world, the population of females in Dubai is slightly higher than that of the males. Dubai has a poverty rate of about 10% which is much lower than 19.5% poverty rate in the United Arab Emirates. The crude death rate in Dubai is at 1.4 while the infant mortality rate ranges at about 7 deaths per one thousand infants (Middle East Monitor, 2014). These low figures indicate that Dubai is one of the rapidly developing economies in the world, and much better than other countries in the United Arab Emirates. Economic indicators are important points of evaluating the economic development within a region. The low poverty level in Dubai is another indicator of the fact that the city’s population majorly lies within the middle class (Alajoutsijà ¤rvi, Juusola, & Lamberg, 2014). On this note, Dubai enjoys a good economic status and has a challenge to maintain this by finding ways which they can guarantee economic wellbeing in the long term. The Dubai’s economy is dependent majorly on the oil industry. Economic

CMG490 MOD SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CMG490 MOD SLP - Essay Example al criteria as the system alerted when a contract was close to expire, had mistake proof that informed managers on contract dates, and observed regal standards in meeting all regulatory criteria before a contract is executed. Saxena (74) regulatory compliance has to be addressed in details to avoid costly penalties, and even cancellation of contracts by a government. The company has detailed system that ensures all regulatory mechanism in contracts are met; contracts have to go through the required regulatory approval before commencement. In contractual criteria, Apics (6) argues that a company has to develop and put in place measures and strategies that offer an integrated action plan in achieving the desired level of performance, as well as process maturity, which addresses all components of contract management, capability, and cover the contract period. For example, the company in question can adequately compare and analyze data from several contracts, they can report and analyze a contract by a particular vendor, and conform to the required contractual terms. On the other hand, the company meets some procedural criteria in that standards are used in gauging and analyzing each contract, there is strict adherence to legal and regulatory requirements, and each contract is considered and analyzed before it is commences to ensure it meets all the laid down criteria. Despite the above strengths, the company has glaring faults in its contractual system that makes it prone to major risks and even may edge closer to closure. For example, the company does not coordinate contracts across departments and cannot locate any contract in a short time with ease or any reliability. This indicates that in procedural approach, the company cannot manage its contracts effectively; they cannot link different departments to analyze all the details and have a holistic contract management system. The system cannot facilitate maintenance of a contract portfolio, implying the company

Surrealism in Advertising; How Beer Became Beer!! Essay Example for Free

Surrealism in Advertising; How Beer Became Beer!! Essay The intention of this essay is to analyse surrealism in advertising and apply the theoretical background of it and the psychoanalytic theory to a 2003/2004 campaign for Tooheys Extra Dry beer, made by BMF Advertising agency. The essay will try and isolate the surrealist appeal and other factors behind this campaign and explain why and how this campaign became one of the most talked-about advertisements and won the gold in Creative Planning Awards as well as silver in Advertising Effectiveness Awards in 2004. Surrealism and Advertising For the description on surrealism and its theories see appendix A. The Product. The product is beer. However, Toohey’s Extra Dry (TED) is different from other beers in many ways. Its packaging is different from other beers in its clear and tall bottle (not dark and wide as other beer bottles). It has a green label that is glued to the clear bottle diagonally instead of in a strait manner and big white dynamic letters stating the ‘Extra Dry’ brand. It is a very young brand, first brewed in 1994 instead of 18xx as other beers. However, its most distinguishing feature is its taste; it is much lighter than other beers. TED is not bitter and it is more like other RTD drinks than beer. The Campaign Tooheys Extra Dry (TED) was a growing brand, even before this campaign was released; however its growth was because of its sub premium price (Nicholas 2004). The clear, tall bottle and an easy taste of the beer could have helped, but it was believed the brand can do better. Previous advertising of TED abided the prevalent beer promotional models throughout the world, the core market being pub going males. The prevailing message was â€Å"have a go at it†. The advertisements were of weir accidents of men who did not drink this beer, and the endline was â€Å"don’t die wondering†. The research done after the campaign proved that the idea was not very successful, however the core problem was the strategy. TEDs positioning was between mainstream beers (Fosters) and premium (Heineken). Its appeal was later described by a young participant in a research group: â€Å"I like Tooheys Extra Dry. When you walk into a party carrying a six pack you don’t look like a scab [by drinking mainstream beer] and you didn’t look like a wanker [by drinking premiums]† Anon. cited in Nicholas (2004) P1 It became apparent that their target audience were young adults who like taking risks. Putting that into the account, the resulting campaign, aimed at people in their early twenties, tried a different approach. It involved an enticing product attribute that was unique, cool and youthful. The new campaigns objectives were: -Establish a connection with 18-24 years old audience -Extend the brand throughout the Australia, mainly Sydney, Perth, Melbourne, South East Queensland and other areas. -Maintain the price premium while achieving growth and increase the profit As previously mentioned, the taste of this beer is the biggest distinguishing featureits the unique selling point. By not emphasising that on its previous campaign, they have not established a truthful distinction and therefore failed. The new campaign strategy was to find out the usual dissatisfaction young (18-24) people have with beer. RTD drinks (ready-to-drink: drinks that are already mixed with spirist, for instance Smirnoff Ice, WKD, VK etc) have been becoming more and more popular and have taken some of the market away from beer. As a result, key dissatisfactions with beer were isolated in a research study. The results were: -Beer is associated with â€Å"old† masculinity i. e. Dad in a pub with his mates -Beer slows you down – it makes you fat and slow -Beer has a bitter taste – it makes it hard to drink in today’s environment that is more focused on sweeter drinks and foods. On the other hand, TED was perceived as a modern drink, drunken by men and women. It is also less filling and therefore does not have the same effect as other beers. Its lack of bitterness is its main feature and is easier to drink. This insight is what led the new campaign. The target audience was set to 18-24 olds as opposed to previous 24-29 year old adults. The goal was to change what the target audience thought of beer and establish the brand not only as the best beer, but the best alcoholic drink altogether. The campaigns proposition was that because of its unique brewing process as little of negative effects from beer can be present (mostly beer breath). This is how the campaign slogan came to be as – clean, crisp taste. This also resolved the key dissatisfaction the target market had with beer. Because of the crucial distinguishing features this campaign had to represent, a special tone of voice was consisted out of three major components. The first component was the youth fun feel that had to be established – therefore party imagery was selected. The pace of the advert had to b just right – a mixture between clubby and pub-like (spirits vs. beer). The next important thing was for the marketers to establish a ‘cool’ feel, youthfulness etc). This is why they used the soon to be famous music track. The commercial The commercial is of a tongue that leaves his owner and goes to search for a tasty beer while its owner sleeps. It goes past several dangers until it finally finds the beer at a party full of young people. It takes the beer and brings it back to his owner. Two posters and a radio commercial were part of this campaign as well. The posters and a detailed description of the commercial can be found in the appendix B. This product has only one memorable utilitarian benefit and that is its light taste. That is why the taste was the focus of this ad – symbolically represented by the tongue, which is the central figure in this add. With the tongue representing taste, this campaign did not state the facts clearly, as in: â€Å"TED has a light taste you will enjoy† but rather used imagery to reflect the product attributes. This all is typical for many surrealistic commercials, as well as the ‘hazardous odyssey’ aspect of it. The tongue was running away from the cat, got almost run over by the car and stomped on the dance floor. It’s blending the real and unreal; the real being the party and the people’s behaviour – and the unreal is obviously the renegade tongue in search of a beer. As previously mentioned, the main target audience was to appeal to young audience; therefore the surrealist appeal was chosen wisely, because of its defiance against conformism (Homer Kahle, 1989). Clubby imagery, music and passionate kissing at the party reinforced this aim. It is generally believed that non-conformism has been the most central aspect of any thing considered as ‘cool’ to the young audiences. Some psychoanalytic theory practices can be detected as well. According to the psychoanalytic theory (Hackley, 2005) and Motivational Research, real buying impulses derive from urges and drives and feelings. The perfect party environment and several sultry images insinuate sexual motives that could hide behind party experiences and alcohol consumption and consequently be the motive for purchase. Another typically surrealist feature is the exaggeration of the human form. The tongue itself is exactly that in this advert, since it can move on its own, is capable of thought and emotion while still remaining just a tongue. The most apparent emotion the tongue portrays is desire. The metamorphosis of the tongue can be explained by the Trickster theory described by Cooper and Petterson in 2000. The tongue would be the trickster; neither good, nor bad but guided by its emotions and desires. This is central to this advert, as it is the desire for the good refreshing ‘clean and crisp’ taste that forces this tongue to take all those risks just to get the Tooheys Extra Dry. The desire is the motivation for the odisseyadic journey. Conclusion The commercial is odd and free from normal association. We do not expect tongues to jump out of out mouths and search for beer. This is the product of the novelty theory assuring the audience will recollect the ad easier. These surreal techniques combined with psychoanalytic theory make the ‘TED wanting tongue’ a hero (survives danger), a partier and a rebel at the same time. The metamorphism and the surrealist technique reinforces the utilitarian claim of the product performance and its claim of ‘clean and crisp’ taste. Appendix A Surrealism is a movement that stared in the early 20th century most acknowledged in France. It is most recognisable by the paintings and other visual representations of it by painters and writers such as Salvador Dali and Bret? n. Surrealists explain the human mind in a manner not before conjured. Andre Bret? ns (1920) definition of surrealism: â€Å"Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express – verbally, or by means of written word, or in any other manner – the actual functioning of thought. Dictated by the thought, in the absence of any control exercised by reason, exempt from any aesthetic or moral concern. † Homer and Kahle (1989) describe surrealism as fee of the stereotyped mental habits belonging to artists and spectator as well. The objects are free from normal association. Isolation, modification, hybridization, incongruity, provocation of accidental encounters, paradox and conceptual bipolarity are the ways through which surrealism achieves the maximum impact. In surrealism, pleasure and free will have total control over everything, including reality. Alcuaz’s (1984) premise is that surrealism as a concept is a state of mind, and attitude and a desire. Magritte, a surrealist painter believed that surrealism is an attack on societies preconceived ideas and predetermined good sence. In surrealism, desire chooses whatever it wants and pleases it; it is not bound by realistic and logical boundaries of perception. Surrealists act defiant to conformism as well. According to Homer and Kahle (1989), advertisers seek surrealist techniques because of their need to gain consumers attention, fuel their fantasies and induce new ways of thinking about previous conceptions. One of the reasons advertising of surrealism works it the so-called novelty theory. Novelty theory is based on the so-called Von Restorff Effect. This basically describes a phenomena that occurs when people are presented with novelty or unexpected items. Their recall of these items was greater and enhanced in the future. Appendix B In the beginning of the ad, we see a young man, sleeping with a woman in a bed. His face is turned towards us. Suddenly, his tongue jumps out of his mouth and embarks on a quest to quench its thirst. It moves in a way that is similar to a worm or a caterpillar. It jumps of the bed and goes down the stairs while being chased by a cat. It narrowly escapes the cat when it jumps through a rail fence and onto a road. While crossing the road it gets almost run over by a car. The tongue then enters a party full of young people. A few shots of the party are shown and we see people dancing and socialising in a crowded house. The tongue is going through the party avoiding being stomped by feet of the dancers. Then it gets stuck on a vinyl player but manages to get off. The tongue successfully manoeuvres past a couple French-kissing and discovers a huge tub full of ice containing several different alcoholic drinks. It manages to get on the edge of the bath and scout the available drinks when it notices a Tooheys Extra Dry on the far side of the tub. After a quick shot of the kissing couple, the tongue dives into the tub full of ice. The underwater environment is clear and crisp. We see the tongue swimming at the bottom of the tub, past many bottles towards Tooheys Extra Dry that is encompassed into ice but still showing its label and the recognisable green colour. The tongue then quickly grabs the bottle much like a python would its prey and jumps out of the tub with it. It then drags it out of the party back to the bedroom and onto the bed climbing back into its owner’s mouth with is main body still wrapped around the beer. This wakes the young man up and he confusingly looks at the Tooheys Extra Dry in his mouth, takes it out and examines the label. The slogan, ‘clean crisp taste’ then appears at the bottom of the screen and the ad is over. Visuals: Source: Source: Nicholas J. (2004) Source: Nicholas J. (2004). These examples used as still photos on billboards and such use surrealistic usage of the product; enforcing the notion of its utilitarian benefit: ‘The Clean Crisp Taste’. References: -Homer, M. Kahle L. R. (1989) A Social adaptation explanation of the effects of surrealism on advertising. Journal of Advertising 15(2) pp. 50-60 -Alcuaz, M. â€Å"Contemporary Idioms of Surrealism. Dreamworks 4(1) pp. 59-69 -Cooper P. Patterson (2000) The Trickster: Creativity in modern Advertising and Branding. Market Research Society Conference. Available at: http://www. warc. com/ArticleCenter/Default.asp? CType=AAID=WORDSEARCH49151Tab=A -Nicholas, J. (2004) Toohey’s Extra Dry – Licking the Beer Category. Account Planning Group Australia. Available at: http://www. warc. com/ArticleCenter/Default. asp? CType=AAID=WORDSEARCH80888Tab=A -Nicholas, J. (2004) Toohey’s Extra Dry ‘Quest’ – Beer advertising that broke the mould. Sales That broke records. Advertising Federation of Australia. Report. Available at: http://www. warc. com/ArticleCenter/Default. asp? CType=AAID=WORDSEARCH85608Tab=A -Hackley, C. (2005) Advertising and Promotion: Communicating Brands. Sage Publications: London.

The Fifth Agreement: A Practical Guide to Self-Mastery, by Miguel Ruiz and Jose Ruiz :: Essays on The Fifth Agreement

My life experience might be simple, but I have learned a lot from my life. It is not necessary that someone’s experience has to be a good one to talk about; the point is he should have a passion to learn lessons from it. Every time you go through a bitter experience either in your travels, work, or somewhere else, I would have to say â€Å"Congrats! You have got a story to tell your grandsons someday.† I have learnt a lot of lessons from this life and taught myself beautiful lessons. I taught myself to stand firm, never give up, and do my best. I have taught myself to say â€Å"yes† whenever I feel that I need to refuse, and I have taught myself to say â€Å"no† whenever the temptations are floating around me. I have learned that if I want to live happily, I have to be able to say â€Å"no† as I can say â€Å"yes.† Just by these two simple words, I changed myself and took control over it. â€Å"Be impeccable with your words† (27) is the first agreement that Miguel Ruiz and Jose Ruiz want to make an agreement with their readers in their book, â€Å"The Fifth Agreement.† By words, you can communicate with other people and tell them your opinions. The power of the word should not be underestimated; in some cases, it might be so tender that you can gain people to be in our side, but it might blow like a storm and pull out people’s real feelings. Ruiz in his book says â€Å"you are going to use the word to express the truth in every thought, in every action, in every word you use to describe yourself, to describe your own life story† (39). One should be really careful in choosing the right words in the right times. I worked once in a team of freelancers for a courier company. I faced a problem while programing their website, and the supervisor of the team, who was from the company, asked me to take an immediate action. I replied to her quickly and said â€Å"I cannot do this until I discuss it with my team leader.† Her face turned red, and I just didn’t know what to do, so I looked into my laptop screen pretending I am working. Since then she saw me as a weak team player; whenever she wanted to ask about the project, she asked another teammate instead of me.

Conceptions of Curriculum

When looking at the curriculum, there are several conceptions that are used in defining which type of a curriculum will be used in schools the curriculum conception basically affects the material and teaching techniques that will be used in school. Depending on how a school or a country wants to educate its students, a school will have to base its curriculum top specific curriculum conception. One or more concepts can be incorporate when formulating the curriculum. Basically the school curriculum plays an important role in determining and shaping the student’s understanding of education and other important issues.The curriculum Print (1993), in his book discusses the way in which curriculum is understood in terms conceptions. To Print (1993) there are five main curriculum conceptions, these includes †¢ Academic rationalist conception †¢ Humanistic conception †¢ Cognitive progression conception †¢ Social Reconstructionist conception Different school and unde rtake to use one or more than one of the above outlined concepts in developing their curriculum. The choosing of the concepts will depend on the outcome that the school and the teaching professional want to get from students.Let us briefly examine each one of these conception is some details; (Print 1993) The academic rationalist concept The concept puts a lot of emphasis on knowledge, values and skills that are found in different academic fields. Academic rationalism conception curriculum has a distinctive discipline which is different from other concepts. Many curriculum developers today, use this conception. The concept originates from seven liberal arts that are in the classical curriculum. (Eisner, 1979)According to Eisner & Vallance, (1974) academic rationalism, is among the oldest conceptions, the conception puts a lot of emphasis on the responsibility of the school to enable the students to share the academic benefits of those who passed on before. The sharing is not limited to the concepts only, but it also includes any work that has resisted the test of time. for those individuals that embrace the academic rationalism conception, being educated to them means being initiated to methods thought that are represent by the different disciplines in the conception.There fore, the significant aim of understanding the academic rationalism is to pass the knowledge and aesthetics from one generation to another generation. This is attained through education that is organized within academic disciplines that are recognized. (Eisner & Vallance, 1974) Humanistic conceptions This curriculum conception offers opportunities in which to improve an â€Å"individual’s self- concept† and to attain self- actualization, this is according to Print 1993. This is the most common in main of the supporting material that is contained in the curriculum documents.Humanism curriculum conception is a perspective which is founded on the assumption that individuals have a n inclination of developing all their abilities that maintaining them. In general humanism conception, tries to facilitate releasing of present capacity and potential in a student. In humanism the understanding is that if some beliefs and specific conditions are already present in an individual, this individual or students will gradually let their self actualizing ability to override barriers that they have created international.Roger 1961 points out that the tree main aspects in humanism are; Genuineness, unconditional positive aspect; and emphatic understanding. Cognitive processes conception This conception provides students with opportunity and skill or methods to assist them â€Å"learn how to learn† and also to give students a chance to employ and improve the different faculties that they have (Print, 1993) Social theory This curriculum conception takes a critical look on the social aspect of education.One of the main values of the conception is the obligation in penetr ating the world of objective knowledge so that one can expose the social relationships which are underlying that are in many cases hidden . social conception believes that knowledge need to applied for emancipatory political objectives. The main objective of the social conception is to nullify the impacts of ideology in that individual perceptions are free from emancipation, the individual are able to visualize beyond and know the reality. (Kemmis, et al 1994) My personal Conception; Technology conceptionPersonally I will take technology concept, DeVore (1968) defines technology conception as an organization of knowledge and the use of resources in producing outcomes that respond to the human requirements and wants. Thus, this definition characterizes technology as a â€Å"body of knowledge† in the past this body f knowledge was being viewed as knowledge of practice. The conception goes on to explain that, the knowledge is used to gives methods of doing activities and show wh at is really valued through action. Technology is being viewed as a discipline in it self.The view that technology is discipline is justified by DeVore (1968) monograph that outlines technology as a discipline. DeVore (1968) articulates the points that points out that technology as an intellectual discipline; which is organized body of knowledge that has got structure that unites the different parts of the technology structure. Technology have also stood the test of time thus evidence that it is durable. Technology is cumulative naturally, and also technology relates to the future and provides inspiration and stimulation for other ideas and goalsBruner (1960) describes technology curriculum conception as a curriculum which is determined by underlying principles of understanding education purposes. To Bruner (1960) the basic learning purpose is economy. The conception views such learning process as permitting generalization thus making knowledge to be used in other contexts apart fro m the one that the knowledge was gotten from. It also builds the memory in allowing the student to relate what he/she would have forgotten. Thus, this education conception is important and has to be implemented in schools curricula.(Bruner, 1960) Shaping of education; Curriculum development Curriculum development is formulated for all schools and for various classes in manner that it can be taught and develop the students learning procedures. Depending on the curriculum conception/s that is being used it will shape the way the curriculum is developed. Curriculum development goes a long way to defining the way the education system of a school or a country will be. Curriculum development incorporates all the subjects to be taught and how they will be taught in the education program. Designing of a curriculumCurriculum conception plays important role in shaping and defining the education system of a country. Much of the reforms in the education sector occur due to embracing various cur riculum concepts. For instance, recommendations by the Holmes Group for teach reforms on preparations which are discipline based were based on curriculum conceptions. (Kemmis, et al1994) some of the recommendation by the groups was also to having education program for technology teachers, as technology was endorsed as a discipline in the education curriculum. That it was easy to redesign the curriculum in relations to the proposal by the Holmes group.In the same line, where school took technology has a discipline and incorporated technology in its curriculum, the discipline has gained respect and in the academic program. (Kemmis, et al 1994) A good example of how technology has shaped education system in schools is in the Maryland State Department of Education, where high school graduation requirement have been changed. Previously, the education standards in the state required that a one semester course be offered for the â€Å"practical arts† that could be achieved by a cour se in technology education or any other course in vocational education, home economic or computer education.The new standards that have been proposed eliminate the practical arts subjects’ requirements, but, the state department of education has put a new requisite in technology education. The requirements require that a student should take one year in learning technology education in the school before he/she graduates. Therefore technology education has to be elevated top be a main subject. This highly changes the policies and perceptions in the education system and helps to shape education system to be producing a system which embraces technology. (Maryland State Department of Education 1991)Education system is also shaped by new disciplines that are being brought forward by the curriculum conceptions. Education is dynamic and in order to remain relevant to the requirements of the masses and to solve the daily challenges in the education system it has to keep on evolving to cope up with the new challenges. In the same context newer disciplines in education curriculum have become much more appropriate than the old ones. For example, psychology has become more relevant to the education sector as it gives a good understanding of human nature.Thus, these conceptions have a direct impact in education systems as they are used in formulating the curriculum being taught in schools which determine the system of education that will be used. (Kemmis, et al 1994) Assessment In order to monitor the progress of students it is important that proper assessments methods has to be formulated and put in place, for the teachers to know the progress of their students in various discipline. Depending on the type of the curriculum conception that is being used in a particular curriculum in school it will determine the kind of assessment methods that will be used in the schools.Assessment methods are in important in ensuring that the learners are getting what is taught. (Kem mis, et al 1994) Global versus local issues that may impact developing curriculum Globalization plays important role in shaping the education system in the current education institutions. Today, global issues impact students strongly than never before. With the advent of television and internet opportunities to get information from other parts of the world has increased. The significant of education in assisting students in knowing their roles and responsibilities in the global society has increased.Thus, in formulating the school curriculum it is important that the curriculum should incorporate global issues. Some of the important global aspects that affects curriculum are; human rights, interdependence, conflict resolution, values and perceptions, diversity; sustainable development and social justice. Local issues like, culture, politics and education system will also affect the curriculum developed. (Eisner, & Vallance, 1974) Outlined below is a discussion on how teaching of diff erent subjects can incorporate global dimension in a manner that can ensure that progression by the significant stages of education;Developing English curriculum In developing the English curriculum, both fiction and non-fiction books from different countries in the world has to taught in schools so that students can learn different cultures in the world and get an opportunity to enhance their understanding of the world issues and them selves. (Eisner, & Vallance, 1974) Developing Technology education curriculum The curriculum will have to incorporate the current global technology trend and give students opportunities to design different products and analyze how these products work.This will give them also a chance to learn the various needs of people in various cultures and countries. At the same time the students will get an opportunity of knowing how technology can be applied in order to improve and at the same time develop the global society. (Eisner, & Vallance, 1974) Developin g History curriculum In formulating history curriculum in relation to global issues, the students can be given an opportunity to learn about the cultural, religious, ethnic and social diversities in the global societies. And related the information they have leant to the different societies and their own.In doing so, they can then link occurrences in different countries and make a comparison with the lives of those people currently and in the pas. This will highly developed their understanding of those countries and give them an insight on global issues. (Eisner, & Vallance, 1974) Strategic and operations After developing the curriculum it is important to have a clear strategy of how it is going to be implemented and in schools and how it is going to be affected in the learning process. The curriculum developers have to have clear administrative strategy that will be used in administering the new curriculum in schools.A proper structure should be provided that reflects how schools w ill practice and carry out the curriculum. The strategy or planning is important for educators and the practitioners in the education system. Strategies sets will ensure that the objectives of the curriculum are achieved. (DeVore, 1968) Proper analysis offers the educators with tools for planning and carrying out operations of the curriculum. Where necessary they can redirect the curriculum operation. In addition, operations will involve the way the curriculum will be implemented.This involves the teachers of schools and administrators who have to carry out the operations of teaching. The curriculum will only be effectively in operation if the teaching staffs are well prepared and informed about the curriculum. Other wise they may be a hitch in operation of the curriculum. (DeVore, 1968) Conclusion Curriculum remains an important tool in the education system of a country. A curriculum of a school defines the teaching material of a school. In developing the curriculum different curri culum conceptions are used in determining the type of a curriculum that will be used in schools.Curriculum conception affects curriculum development, assessments methods and curriculum alignments among other issues of the curriculum. Currently global issues also play important role in determining the kind of education curriculum that will be developed in school. In order to give students a more global approach it has become necessary that global issues have to be incorporated in the education system. However, strategic planning and operations have to be well formulated to effectively implement curriculum in schools. Reference: Bruner, J. S. (1960): The process of education.Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Commission on Technology Education for the State of New Jersey (1987): Technology Education: Learning how to live in a technical world. Aberdeen, NJ: Vocational Education Resource Centre. DeVore, P. D. (1968): Structure and content foundations for curriculum development. Wa shington, DC: American Industrial Arts Association. DeVore, P. D. (1964): Technology: An intellectual discipline; Bulletin Number 5. Washington, DC: American Industrial Arts Association. Eisner, E W. (1979): The three curricular that all schools teach; The Educational imagination.New York; Macmillan, Eisner, E. W. & Vallance, E. (1974): Conflicting conceptions of curriculum. Berkeley, CA: McCutch Publishing. Eriksson, T. L. (1988): The teacher education reform movement: Tenets of the Holmes group. Journal of Epsilon Pi Tao, 24 Maryland State Department of Education (1991): Requirements for graduation from high school in Maryland. Baltimore, MD. Kemmis, S. , C et al (1994): Understanding Teaching: Curriculum and the social context of schooling. Print, M (1993): Curriculum development and design; Chapter 2. St Lenards, Australia. Unwin & Allen

Production Criticism of Oedipus the King Essay

The directorial concept of the play started with an overall picture of melancholy and a suggestion that the story is indeed a tragedy. The stage, as the foundation of the entire scene, has been designed to differentiate the levels of society, thus, it has different levels of platforms and steps, but leaving the center of the stage flattest, where most of the characters will be performing. The materials used for the platforms are of different types. The higher steps leading to the outskirts of the stage look like they were made with ordinary flat rocks, much like the ones we see in the old Jerusalem. The steps were made simply for the purpose of being pathways men can walk on. Nothing fashionable. The center of the stage has a different design, because I noticed that the flooring is much more modern than the flat rocks around it. The material of the floor of the center stage has a much smoother quality, although it was carved like bricks, like the ones on the streets of Paris, France. The floor carvings are designed like segmented rings that all leads to one focal point, much like the bytes in a compact disc. The most prominent part of the stage is the palace of Oedipus, the King. It stands so proud with its walls extending all the way to the top that it scares you of its command of authority and power. It stood so high and proud that it looked like it reached the heavens and looks infinite. The material of it was the smoothest of all. It has the most modern design in the stage. The cement has a slate gray color mixed with white streaks that suggested it must be made of marble†¦the strongest among the rocks on stage. That’s how powerful Oedipus, as a king, is. He is believed to be the savior of Thebes when he defeated the Sphinx by answering the most difficult riddle. The play is an obvious â€Å"non-dramatic pageantry,† because the elements of it were present and done in the stage. There is an â€Å"icon† or focal point, which usually is a â€Å"religious artifact or a saint. † (Theatrical Production, Encyclop? dia Britannica. ). There was a huge cross with a white cloth resting on its arm at the middle of the highest outstkirt platform. This is its focal point because it looks religious enough to suggest it’s the cross of Jesus Christ. Overall, the environment of the stage is melancholic. The color of the stage’s floor to the very tall palace is in the neutral shade. Again, nothing special. This just suggests the hue of sorrow, which is the shade of gray. The sorrowful environment was coupled with the stage lights, which made the scene look softer and mellower. The lights come from under the outskirts’ platforms, which gave a lot of shadow on the stage. The second light will be coming from directly above the stage, which gives all little bit of glow on the heads of the characters, but not enough light to brighten the faces of every actor. The poor lighting made it felt like the characters are speaking to me personally, in my deepest thoughts. It dawned to me that whenever I am depressed or whenever I wanted to be alone, I tend to hate bright lights. Such is the feeling of someone in wakes, especially those wakes inside chapels. The serene, soothing look of a funeral scene in a chapel is the aimed environment here. The background lights on the outskirts of the stage changes as the mood of the scene changes too. Even though the shadow was effective enough to suggest sorrow, the light blue hue of the background defined the mood. When the ugly truth of Oedipus’ character was nearly revealed, the background light turned into a reddish hue, as if the sun was setting. It gave a red glow that suggested the horrible feeling of the moment. It also made the blood coming out from Oedipus’ eyes look thick and black, which made the suffering grievous enough to die. Sounds make the hearts beat rapidly and loses one’s breath. From beginning until the end, the background music created the feeling that it is tragic. When Tiresius, the seer, showed up, there was annoying background music created by a type of violin, which made it felt like there was great irony and perversity in the scene. The horting sound of the violin made my heart twist and my throat a bit choked because I felt the tension due to the sound. It is interesting though, how the director was able to coordinate all aspects of production to make the playscript fit his directorial concept. Of course, the playscript was changed to make it more dramatic and the words appealing to the audience. The playscript was â€Å"Bowdlerized,† or words were changed to fit the lingo of the modern audience. (Dr. Eric W. Trumbull. ). Although there weren’t any fancy or colorful props on the stage, the characters are the ones that still mattered the most. Though the faces of the characters generally remained stiff throughout, their voices are full of color. Loudness and softness of the voices stated the mood. There was also a striking difference on the characters’ costumes, each has it’s own different era to represent; a group will be wearing costumes of Sophocle’s generation, another wearing the fashion of the early twentieth century, while another wearing the fashion of the latest trend. Still, the colors of the costumes were nothing fancier than red, white and gold. The colors of the cloths are in plain solid colors too. The characters’ spotlight are their white costumes, or something white in their costumes. For example, the choruses were all dressed in black except the ribbon on the neck, which is pure white. This gives the picture that their heads are floating and the rest of the body is invisible. The director’s aim to present a non-dramatical pageant play that won’t bore the modern audience so far caught my attention. He may have aimed to make the production profit a lot more by involving â€Å"famous† actors to play the role, as part of his marketing strategy. (Dr. Eric W. Trumbull. ). The production is an art in itself, and Don Taylor would’ve still passed as very good theatrical director. The play is directed gearing away from the Shakespearean concept of production, which made it quite different to the taste of theatrical fans, and thus, worth watching and recommending.

Dial-up Compared to High Speed Access essays

Dial-up Compared to High Speed Access essays The essay topic I have chosen to write on, is comparing a dial-up connection to a high speed connection to the internet. Dial-up and high speed access can be both used to connect to the internet, they both perform the same function. Which is to connect you to the internet. The way the connection are offered are different, one is thru the phone company. This method is called dial-up and the other is thru the cable company, being called high speed access nicked named a (cable connection). A dial-up connection has its faults and its advantages, just as high speed has its faults and advantages. With dial-up you have to connect thru the use of your on phone line, this is a disadvantage. Reason being is that you can not receive or make calls while connected to the internet. With a high speed connection you have free use of the phone to receive, and make calls. When comparing the similarities of price plans, dial-up connection has the advantage over the high speed connection to the internet. With the price of the dial-up connection averaging around twenty one dollars. While the average price plan for the high speed access was forty eight dollars a month. With a dial-up connection you have to have a local provider, for the internet if you do not have a local provider you will have to seek out a internet provider. With the average cost of that being around twenty three dollars, with that comes a disadvantage. Because you can end-up paying long distance charges, having to call out side of your calling area to connect with your internet provider. With the high speed access being provided thru a separate connection, thru the use of a cable line other than the one that connects to your television. Your on line with no long distance charges and with your connection to the internet, you also get a internet provider instead of having to find one. Now that you have a connection to the internet thru cabl ...

Transition Words

Transition Words Transition Words Transition Words By Maeve Maddox A frequent fault of inexperienced writers is a tendency to present thoughts and ideas without showing connections between them, or without making their significance clear to the reader. Transition words and phrases keep the reader on track by showing relationships between ideas and information. Consider the following paragraph: People who adopt a dog need to teach it basic commands.  Basic obedience keeps the animal safe and prevents it from becoming a danger. Many pet owners fail to teach their dogs to obey. They should always consider the need to train their puppies to obey. The writer of this paragraph sees value in training a dog in basic obedience, but a reader might wonder what connection there is between basic obedience and the dog’s safety or dangerous behavior. Transitions are needed to show these connections. The paragraph revised: People who adopt a dog need to teach it basic commands in order to keep it safe and prevent it from harming others. For example, a dog that won’t come when called might run into the street and be hit by a car. A dog not trained to keep from jumping on people could cause injury by knocking someone down. Unfortunately, many pet owners fail to teach their dogs to obey, and, as a result, the animal becomes a nuisance or danger to family and strangers alike. To avoid undesirable behavior in their pets, dog owners should always consider the need to train puppies in basic obedience. Here is a list of transition words grouped according to the types of transition they can be used for: To add information: and, not onlybut also, also, moreover, furthermore, in addition, again, besides, equally important, what’s more, too To give examples: for example, for instance, specifically, in particular To show contrast: but, however, on the other hand, otherwise, instead, in contrast To show concession: yet, nevertheless, however, although, even though, despite the fact that, despite To show similarity: likewise, similarly, in the same way To show result: so, as a result, therefore, thus, as a consequence, consequently To indicate time or sequence: first, second, finally, meanwhile, immediately, thereafter, soon, finally, previously, formerly, next, following this, after, soon, therefore To offer conditional thoughts: or, whetheror, ifthen To explain or emphasize: in fact, actually, in other words, namely, obviously, in any case, naturally, certainly, unquestionably To offer alternatives: or, eitheror, neithernor To compare: on the other hand, on the contrary, by comparison, compared to, balanced against, visvis, although, in contrast To prove: because, for, for the same reason, obviously, evidently, in fact, in any case To conclude: in conclusion, in brief, on the whole, to conclude, as I have shown Some transition words, like also, and, or, like, as for, and further are unobtrusive, directing the reader without distracting. Others, like albeit, jump out at the reader and must be used sparingly. Still other transitions cast doubt on the credibility of the writer. Here are some transitions often seen in freshman compositions. They are perhaps best avoided: in all honesty, to tell the truth, to put it briefly, be that as it may, last but not least, to get back to the point, to make a long story short. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Fly, Flew, (has) FlownFlied?30 Baseball Idioms5 Erroneously Constructed â€Å"Not Only . . . But Also† Sentences

Should gay marriage be legalized Research Paper

Should gay marriage be legalized - Research Paper Example Should gay marriage be legalized? The United States constitution guarantees all citizens equal rights regardless of gender, sex, religion, race or sexual orientation and therefore, denying people of same-sex the right to get married is a violation of the constitution. As stipulated in the constitution, everyone has a right to liberty, freedom and equality provided in the exercise of such rights one does not cause damage or harm to other people. The gay people in engaging in marriage are only exercising the right and their behavior does not cause harm to anybody. Despite the fundamental principles not only allowing but also requiring legalization of same-sex marriage, some people still insist that same-sex couples should not be accorded equal right to marry. They forget that gays are human beings just like other people such as the heterosexuals and as such should be treated equally. The democrats and republicans often advocate equal rights for gay and lesbians such as the right to proper housing, government benefits, employment and legal protections. However, when it comes to marriage they strongly oppose such an idea. The democrats even go ahead to support the inclusion of gay and lesbian families in the life of our nation and seek equal responsibility. Opposing the right to marry is thus a contradiction to the party’s commitment to legal equality and non discrimination. It makes no sense to support good cause for the gay and their families but refuse to acknowledge their right to marry and to live happily.

The Importance to Teach Through the Standards in Science Curriculum Essay - 2

The Importance to Teach Through the Standards in Science Curriculum - Essay Example Science curriculum should be taught by following the standards that must be designed according to the environment of students so that they can make use of their science knowledge in their practical lives. The development of science education has structured more and more recently. So, by looking back at the last century, the curriculum of schools was very basic and everybody used to think about multi-curriculum from his own angle. More in-depth, teaching strategies were clustered around the teacher himself, and he was the center of the classroom. In the beginning, scientists were the one who used to control the science curriculum, and they had the authority for choosing the content to be taught in schools. Thus, it was hard for teachers and students to handle the science subject based on the scientists’ perspective rather than science educators’ perspectives. However, the reformation that was called for by Dewey had taken place in the late 1950s. The development of teaching science as the inquiry has taken place in the 1950s, nevertheless, the years 1955-1974 were called the Golden Age in Education. Numerous findings were poured into education in order to develop curriculum. The 1960s were even enriched with more science projects toward the science curriculum but the reformation was not very clear, until late 1960s when studies showed some achievements and attitude toward science. During the 1970s, the focus of NSF (The National Science Foundation) was on exploring the impact of the new science curriculum such as improving science methods, working in labs and discovering inquiry learning. In the 1980s and 1990s, the development of technology, computer and the World Wide Web were enough to call it a new reformation besides that the beginning of 1990s, it was the beginning of something new, it was the standard era. The complexity of the lifestyle after the 1990s was not only sensed in the States but globally too and the science education became a field for competition through many different